2026

Nanoscience and Technology

Nanoscience is the study of atoms, molecules, and objects with a size of less than one nanometer. Atoms have a diameter of a few tenths of a manometer, and molecules are usually micrometres in length. Nano Science is a technology that is reduced in size to the nanometer level. It is the study and application of very small objects in all aspects of research, including biology, physics, chemistry, engineering, and materials science. Nanotechnology, on the other hand, generates many of the same challenges that any new technology does, such as concerns about nanoparticles' toxicity and environmental impact, as well as their possible implications on global economies and speculation about various disaster scenarios.  Deep ultraviolet lithography, electron beam lithography, focused ion beam machining, nanoimprint lithography, atomic layer deposition, and molecular vapour deposition are examples of nanotechnological techniques, as are molecular self-assembly techniques that use di-block copolymers.

• Scanning Probe Microscopy
• Nanofabrication
• Functional Nanoparticles
• Nanomaterials
• Molecular Engineering
• Bionanotechnology

Market Analysis: The global nanotechnology market is expected to reach $51.3 billion in 2019, growing at a CAGR of 14.66 percent from 2020 to 2026 to reach $131 billion by the end of 2026. Medical and life science applications will be the future growth areas - Nanoscale materials have been the primary focus of nanotechnology firms across applications for the past decade. Semiconductors are the most profitable application category in the nanotechnology market, with a market value of $9.7 billion in 2019 and a CAGR of 15.3% from 2020 to 2026. In all of the countries examined, the market is extremely fragmented, with small and medium-sized businesses and institutes playing a significant role.
 

Novel Drug Delivery

Drug delivery is a concept that is closely linked to dosage type and method of administration, with the latter being included in some definitions. Oral, parenteral (injected), sublingual, topical, transdermal, inhaled, rectal, and vaginal are common routes of administration; however, drug delivery is not limited to these routes, and there may be multiple ways to give drugs through each route. Since the introduction of the first controlled-release formulation in the 1950s, research into new delivery systems has increased, although new medication discovery has slowed. The growing cases of chronic and infectious diseases, as well as a better understanding of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of many medications, may be contributing to the increased development of drug delivery systems.

• Targeted delivery
• Controlled-release formulations
• Delivery of biologic drugs

Market Analysis: From US$100.050 billion in 2018, the oral medication delivery market is expected to increase at a CAGR of 6.99 percent to US$150.063 billion by 2025. According to World Bank data, global GDP will have decreased by around 3.5 percent in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 epidemic. By 2021, several countries' economies have begun to recover and have partially adjusted to pandemic constraints. Vaccine research and development has made significant progress, and several governments, particularly in the United States, have implemented various initiatives to help the economy recover.

Nano Polymers, Nanotubes and Nano Porous Materials

Polymer nanoscience is the study and application of nanotechnology to polymer-nanoparticle matrices, with nanoparticles having at least one dimension of less than 100 nanometers. Silicon nanospheres, also known as nanopolymers, have a size of 40–100 nm and are considerably harder than silicon, with a hardness that falls between between sapphire and diamond. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are carbon tubes which have a diameter measured in nanometers. Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which are composed of nested single-wall carbon nanotubes, are also known as carbon nanotubes. Although some carbon nanotubes are electrically conductive, others are semiconductors. A normal organic or inorganic bulk phase with a porous structure constitutes nanoporous materials. Nanoporous materials have pore sizes that are typically measured in nanometers. Pores in nanoporous materials typically have such a diameter of 100 nanometers or less.

• Bio-hybrid polymer nanofibers
• Engineering applications
• Structure of single-walled tubes
• Microporous materials

Market Analysis: After growing at a CAGR of 5.1 % from 2020 to 2025, the global polymers market is expected to reach over $ 750 billion by 2025. Carbon nanotubes are expected to grow at a 14.4% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) from USD 876 million in 2021 to USD 1,714 million in 2022. CNT demand and application are rapidly growing in medical, aerospace and defence, coatings, and other applications, particularly in the Asia-Pacific area. With a CAGR of percent between 2021 and 2027, the global Porous Materials market is expected to reach USD million by the end of 2027.

Nano Physics

Nanophysics falls halfway between fundamental mechanics' size scales and macroscopic physics, which would be governed by Newton and Einstein's principles. The mechanics of structures and artefacts with dimensions in the nanoscale range, as well as phenomena occurring in nanoseconds, is known as nanophysics. Modern physical approaches, the foundations of which were created in physics labs, have become vital in nanoscience. Nanophysics is a multidisciplinary field that uses theoretical and experimental methods to discover the physical properties of tiny materials. Nanophysics has developed itself into branch of physics, extending into several of the new domains while also playing a critical role in sectors that were previously occupied by engineering, chemistry, or biology.

• Quantum Measurements
• Nanophysics applications
• Nano mechanical Resonators
• Quantum Mechanics
• Carbon Nano tube

Market Analysis: During the forecast period, 2021 to 2027, the worldwide Medical Physics market is expected to grow at a significant rate. The market is likely to develop at a steady rate through 2021, due to key players' growing usage of strategies.

 

Nano Weapons

Nanotechnology in warfare is a branch of nanoscience in which molecular systems are designed, manufactured, and generated on a nanoscale (1-100 nm). The application of such technologies, particularly in the areas of military and defence, has cleared the path for future weaponization research. Material science, chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering are just a few of the scientific fields that nanotechnology brings together. Because of the potential benefits or hazards of its use, legislation may need to be regularly regulated to keep up with the dynamic growth and development of nanoscience. Predicting such consequences through regulation would help to "avoid irreversible harm" from using defense-related nanotechnology in warfare. Recent military nanotechnological weapons research has focused on the development of defensive military equipment with the goal of improving existing designs of lightweight, flexible, and durable materials. These cutting-edge designs include features that improve offensive tactics by using sensing devices and manipulating electromechanical qualities.

• Soldier Battlesuit
• Enhanced Materials
• Communication Devices
• Mini-nukes
• Aerospace Application
• Military Research

Market Analysis: According to research reports the global Military Smart Weapons market was valued at 104970 million USD in 2021 and would increase at a CAGR of 9.3% from 2021 to 2027. This study includes vital industry statistics and serves as a significant source of advice and direction for businesses and people interested in the market.

Nano-Surgery

Nanotechnology has played a critical role in all surgical disciplines, with the manufacture of surgical implants and tissue engineering technologies. They improved imaging technology, drug delivery methods, and scaffold fabrication with improved material-cell interaction, all of which are critical in wound healing surgery. Optical tweezers (single-beam gradient force trap) are a powerful instrument that uses laser beams that are highly focused.

Drug distribution and metabolism can be visualised by monitoring their movement. Skin Wound healing is a continuous and overlapping process that is highly coordinated and spatiotemporally regulated. The mechanisms of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling are all ongoing. Nanomaterials used in wound healing must have intrinsic wound-healing characteristics, as well as the ability to establish an optimum healing microenvironment and act as delivery vehicles for therapeutic drugs.

• Minimally invasive surgery
• Optical Nano surgery
• Visualization
• Nanomedical Devices
• Nanotechnology in wound healing

Market Analysis: The global Nano surgery market is expected to reach $6.84 billion in 2025, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.79 percent from 2020 to 2025. The use of micro- and nanorobots in urological surgical operations, an emphasis on the development of low-cost robotic surgical systems, and rising MedTech research and development expenditures are just a few of the biggest trends.

Functional Nano Materials

Nanomaterials with a single unit that is between 1 and 100 nanometers in size (in at least one dimension). Nanomaterials research uses advances in materials measurement and synthesis gained in support of microfabrication research to take a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology. Nanostructured materials often exhibit unique optical, electrical, thermo-physical, and mechanical capabilities. Nanomaterials are gradually becoming more industrialized and becoming commodities.

• Fullerenes
• Nanoparticles
• Metal-based nanoparticles
• One-dimensional nanostructures
• Bulk nanostructured materials
• Nanoporous materials

Market Analysis: In 2019, the global nanomaterials market was valued at USD 8.52 billion, with a forecast of USD 9.58 billion by 2020. From 2019 to 2027, the nanomaterials market is predicted to increase at a compound yearly growth rate of 13.1%, reaching USD 22.88 billion.

Graphene and Fullerenes

Graphene is a carbon allotrope composed up of a single sheet of atoms organised in a honeycomb lattice nanostructure in two dimensions. Because of its outstanding tensile strength, electrical conductivity, transparency, and status as the world's thinnest two-dimensional material, graphene has become a valuable and useful nanomaterial.  However, there may be more than one isomer for some n numbers. Fullerenes greatly increased the number of known carbon allotropes, which had previously been limited to graphite, diamond, and amorphous carbon such as soot and charcoal. They've generated a lot of interest, both because of their chemistry and because of their technical applications, particularly in materials science, electronics, and nanotechnology.

• Polymerization
• Safety and toxicity
• Exploring commercial applications
• Ambipolar electron and hole transport
• Chiral half-integer quantum Hall effect
• Thermal conductivity
• Polycrystalline graphene

Market Analysis:The global graphene market was worth $87.5 million in 2019, and it is expected to increase to $876.8 million by 2027, with a CAGR of 40.2 percent from 2020 to 2027. During the projected period of 2021-2025, the market for Fullerene is expected to grow at a 7.9% CAGR.

Properties of Nanomaterials

Materials science has its roots deep in the Restoration, when academics began to apply analytical reasoning from chemistry, physics, and engineering to old, phenomenological data in metallurgy and mineralogy. The materials paradigm is a way of thinking about the relationships between processing, structure, and attributes. This paradigm is applied in a range of scientific domains, including nanotechnology, biomaterials, and metallurgy, to advance understanding.

Materials science is also an important part of forensic engineering and failure analysis – investigating materials, products, structures or components, which fail or do not function as intended, causing personal injury or damage to property. Materials science and engineering emerged in many ways renaming and/or combining existing metallurgy and ceramics engineering departments; splitting from existing solid state physics research pulling in relatively new polymer engineering and polymer science; recombining from the previous, as well as chemistry, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering; and more.

• Litracon
• Mineralogy
• Metallurgy
• Polymer Science
• Crystallography
• Ceramic Engineering
• Nuclear Spectroscopy
• Supramolecular Chemistry
• Forensic Materials Engineering
• Femtotechnology, Picotechnology

Market Analysis: The global market for material science is expected to reach a value of $6000 million by 2022, with a CAGR of 10.2 percent between 2015 and 2021. The largest market is in North America, followed by Asia Pacific. Due to the re gion's economic recovery and growing awareness about building insulation and energy savings, the Europe market is expected to grow at a stable rate.

Materials Science and Engineering

A nanostructure is a structure of intermediate size between microscopic and molecular structures. Nanostructural detail is microstructure at nanoscale. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length can be far more. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) are often used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term nanostructure is often used when referring to magnetic technology. Nanoscale structure in biology is often called ultrastructure.

• Fullerenes
• Nanoribbon
• Quantum Dot
• Nanotechnology
• Icosahedral Twins
• Carbon Allotropes
• Nanostructured Materials
• Nanostructured Materials
• Tube-Based Nanostructures
• Gradient Multilayer Nanofilm

Market Analysis: In the year 2021, the nanotechnology market in the United States is expected to be worth $13.2 billion. China, the world's second largest economy, is expected to reach a market size of US$5.1 billion by 2026, indicating an 11.2 percent CAGR over the analysed period.

 

Nano Structures

Nanotechnology has the ability to improve energy efficiency across all business sectors and to economically leverage renewable energy production through new technologies and better manufacturing processes.

Nanotechnologies boost the potential of both traditional energy sources (fossil and nuclear) and renewable energy sources such as geothermal, solar, wind, water, tides or biomass. Nanotechnology advancements in the energy sector may have an impact on each component of the value-added chain.

• Reducing the cost of solar cells
• Generating steam from sunlight
• Generating hydrogen from sea water
• Producing high efficiency light bulbs
• Improving the performance of batteries
• Storing hydrogen for fuel cell powered cars
• Generating electricity from waste heat
• Clothing that generates electricity
• Increasing the electricity generated by windmills
• Reducing friction to reduce the energy consumption
• Reducing the energy used for heating and cooling buildings
• Reducing power loss in electric transmission wires

Market Analysis: The global nanotechnology in energy market was valued at $139.7 million in 2020, and is expected to grow to $384.8 million by 2030, with a CAGR of 10.7% from 2021 to 2030.

 

Nanotechnology and Energy

The basis of nanoscience and nanotechnology are nanomaterials. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology is a wide field of research and development that has exploded in popularity in recent years around the world. It has the potential to expand the types of materials and products that can be created, as well as the types and range of functionality that can be accessible. It already has a large commercial influence, which will certainly grow in the future. A collection of substances known as nanoscale materials has at least one dimension of less than a hundred nanometers. Nanomaterials are remarkable because they exhibit unique optical, magnetic, electrical, and other properties at such a small scale. These emergent properties have the potential to have huge implications in industries like industrial machinery and other sectors. In at least two dimensions, nanomaterials have structural sizes lower than 100 nm. These Nanomaterials can be spherical, needle-like, tubes, platelets, and other shapes and structures.

Another important parameter for characterization of Nanomaterials is their chemical composition, which includes practically all substance classes, such as metals/metal oxides, polymers, chemicals, and biomolecules. Nanoparticles tend to cling together in ambient circumstances, forming aggregates and agglomerates.

• Automotive Industry
• Chemical Industry
• Electronic Industry
• Construction Industry
• Photovoltaic Applications (Solar Cells)
• Textile/Fabrics/Nonwovens Industry
• Electronic, Optoelectronic Magnetic Applications
• Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications
• Energy, Catalytic Structural Applications
• Kinetic Energy (KE) Penetrators with Greater Lethality

Market Analysis: The Nanotechnology Market was valued at $65.1 billion in 2020, and it is expected to increase at a CAGR of 16.9% between 2021 and 2026. Nanotechnology's being used in drug development will grow at an 18.5 percent compound annual rate (CAGR) through 2026.

3D Printing

The construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model is referred as 3D printing or additive manufacturing. The term "3D printing" can focus on a number of procedures in which material is deposited, combined, or solidified under computer control to create a three-dimensional object, often layer by layer. 3D printing techniques were considered only suitable for the production of functional or aesthetic prototypes, and rapid prototyping was a more appropriate term at the time. As of 2021, the most common 3D printing process is fused deposition modelling (FDM), which uses a continuous filament of a thermoplastic material.

4D Printing

Health sector

Food industry

Fashion industry

Firearm industry

Education sector

Transportation industry

Aerospace regulation

Multi-material 3D printing

Gun legislation and administration

Cultural heritage and museum-based digital twin

Market Analysis: The global 3D printing market is valued USD 13.78 billion in 2020, and it is expected to grow at a 21.0 percent compound annual growth rate (CAGR) from 2021 to 2028. In 2020, 2.1 million 3D printers were sold around the world, with 15.3 million units predicted to be shipped by 2028.

Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes are graphene tubes that have a diameter measured in nanometers. Single-wall carbon nanotubes with sizes in the nanometer range are usually referred to as carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes with a single wall are an allotrope of carbon which lies halfway between fullerene cages and flat graphene. Carbon nanotubes are also known as multi-wall carbon nanotubes, that are made up of nested single-wall carbon nanotubes that are weakly bound together in a tree ring-like structure by van der Waals interactions. Although some carbon nanotubes are conductive, others are semiconductors. Because of their nanostructure and the strength of the bonds between carbon atoms, they have exceptional tensile strength and thermal conductivity. All achiral single-wall carbon nanotubes are either tiny or moderate band gap semiconductors, with the exception of a small group of metallic nanotubes.

Armchair Carbon Nanotubes

Zigzag Carbon Nanotubes

Chiral Carbon Nanotubes

Market Analysis:  The carbon nanotubes market is valued around USD 2.6 billion in 2021, and it is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 20% over the next 5 years (2021-2026).

Fuel Cells

A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that utilizes a pair of redox reactions to convert the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidising agent into electricity. Fuel cells differ from most batteries in that those who require a constant supply of fuel and oxygen to maintain the chemical reaction, whereas chemical energy in a battery is variety of different areas from metals and their ions or oxides that are already present in the battery, with the exception of flow batteries. As long as fuel and oxygen are accessible, fuel cells can produce electricity forever. There are many different types of fuel cells, but they all have had an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte that allows ions to travel between the two sides of the fuel cell, most often positively charged hydrogen ions (protons). Fuel cells produce water, heat, and, depending on the fuel source, very small amounts of nitrogen dioxide and other emissions in addition to electricity. A fuel cell's energy efficiency varies from 40 to 60 percent, but if waste heat is captured in a cogeneration scheme, efficiencies of up to 85 percent can be obtained.

Solid acid fuel cell (SAFC)

Alkaline fuel cell (AFC)

High-temperature fuel cells

Electric storage fuel cell

Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs

Phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC)

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)

Market Analysis:  From an estimated value of USD 263 million in 2020, the worldwide fuel cells market is expected to reach USD 848 million by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 26.4 cent over the forecast period.

Lipid Nanotechnology

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are lipid-based nanoparticles. They are a novel pharmaceutical formulation and a novel pharmaceutical drug delivery method. LNPs were initially approved as a medication delivery vehicle in 2018 for the siRNA drug Onpattro. Some COVID-19 vaccines that use RNA vaccine technology coat the fragile mRNA strands with PEGylated lipid nanoparticles as their delivery vehicle, making LNPs more well-known in late 2020. A solid lipid nanoparticle is usually spherical, with a diameter ranging from 10 to 1000 nanometers. A solid lipid core matrix in solid lipid nanoparticles can solubilize lipophilic compounds. Surfactants help to keep the lipid core stable.

Gene Therapy

Cancer Therapy

Diagnostics Delivery

Protein and Peptide Delivery

Antioxidant and Vitamin Delivery

Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier

Market Analysis:  The global lipids market was valued at USD 6.5 billion in 2017 and is expected to grow at a 9.4% CAGR from 2017 to 2022, hitting $11.2 billion in 2022.

Nano Biotechnology

The interaction of nanotechnology and life is referred to as nanobiotechnology, bionanotechnology, and nanobiology. Since bionanotechnology and nanobiotechnology are relatively new fields, they serve as cover terms for a variety of related technologies. The most common objectives in nanobiology are the application of nanotools to relevant medical/biological problems and the refining of these applications. Another main goal of nanotechnology is to provide new tools for medicinal and biological applications, such as peptoid nanosheets.

New nanotools are frequently made by enhancing the applications of current nanotools. Nanobiology researchers are also interested in imaging natural biomolecules, biological membranes, and tissues. The use of cantilever array sensors and the application of nanophotonics for manipulating molecular processes in living cells are two further nanobiology issues.

Nanomedicine

Nanotoxicology

Molecular Engineering

Molecular Nanotechnology

DNA Nanotechnology

Green Nanotechnology

Hazards Regulation

Market Analysis In the year 2021, the Nanobiotechnology market in the United States is expected to be worth US$18.4 billion. China, the world's second largest economy, is expected to reach a projected market size of US$17.6 billion by 2027, with a compound annual rate of 6.6 percent from 2020 to 2027.

Nano Pharmaceuticals

Nanopharmaceuticals are a new area in which the size of a drug particle or a therapeutic delivery system is regulated at the nanoscale. Nanotechnology is used in medical therapeutics to produce them. The difficulty of delivering the appropriate dose of a particular active drug to a specific disease location has long been a problem in the pharmaceutical industry. They are expected to change treatment strategies by enabling selective delivery of drugs and therapeutic molecules to be directed. They are expected to be incredibly helpful, particularly in the treatment of cancer.

Bio- Availability

Improve Drug Solubility

Delivery to various sites of action

Market Analysis: The Nano Pharmaceutical Market is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period 2021-2027, with a market value of USD million in 2020 and USD million by the end of 2027.

Nano Polymers

Nanotechnology aims at developing and combine nanostructured materials in order to generate innovative products for the benefit of mankind. Specifically, interest in nanostructured polymers, or nanopolymers, is growing rapidly because they provide a number of options for building nanoscale parts, self-assembly structures at various scales, new properties due to downscaling, and new phase transitions. Nanopolymers are obviously going to be a big part of future nanotechnology manufacturing. To explore the extensions of existing techniques as well as build new ways, a classification of nanopolymers is required.

Self-Assembled Nanostructures

Number of Nanoscale Dimensions

Non Self-Assembled Nanostructures

Market Analysis: The market for polymer nanocomposites was worth $5,276 million in 2015 and is expected to reach $11,549 million by 2022, with a CAGR of 10.9 percent from 2016 to 2022.

Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are two applications of nanotechnology now in use. As a result, tissue can be engineered to improve cell adhesion, growth, and differentiation by using these nanostructures. Nanotechnology does have the ability to facilitate the design and production of biocompatible scaffolds at the nanoscale, as well as the spatiotemporal release of biological factors similar to native extracellular matrix to control cellular response, and eventually the creation of implantable tissues.

Gas Foaming

Electrospinning

Nanofiber Self-Assembly

Textile Technologies

CAD/CAM Technologies

Laser-Assisted Bioprinting

Emulsification Freeze-Drying

Thermally Induced Phase Separation

Solvent Casting and Particulate Leaching

Market Analysis: Tissue Engineering's global market, which was estimated to be worth US$11 billion in 2020, is expected to grow to US$26.8 billion by 2027, with a CAGR of 13.5 percent between 2020 and 2027.

Nanotechnology in Urology

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field of urology research with a wide range of therapeutically relevant uses in diagnostics and therapies. Nanotechnology is a revolutionary technology that will have a huge impact on urology research and treatment. Nanomedicine will assist urologists in greater understanding disease pathophysiology at the molecular level. Almost all nanotechnology applications, such as nanosensors, nanoparticles, nanorobots, and nanolasers, will have a substantial impact on the diagnosis and treatment of urological diseases.

Bladder Reconstruction

Treatment of Genitourinary Cancer

Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening

Imaging of Genitourinary Malignancies

Treatment of Overactive Bladder/Interstitial Cystitis

Tissue Sealant Technology and Robotic Surgery

Market Analysis: The global urology devices market is projected to expand at a CAGR of 4.1 percent from USD 38,005.6 million in 2021 to USD 46,408.2 million in 2026.

Robotics

Robotics is a branch of computer science and engineering that is interdisciplinary. Robotics is the study of the design, manufacture, operation, and use of robots. Robotics seeks to create devices that can support and help humans. Mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, information engineering, mechatronics, electronics, bioengineering, computer engineering, control engineering, software engineering, mathematics, and other subjects are all integrated into robotics. Robotics is the study of building devices that can take the place of humans and mimic their actions. Robots can be employed in a variety of settings and for a variety of purposes, but many are now used in hazardous environments, manufacturing processes, or in situations where humans will be unable to live.

Nanorobots

Military Robots

Industrial Robots

Swarm Robotics

Construction Robots

Agricultural Robots

Medical Robots

Domestic Robots

Autonomous Drones

Sports Field Line Marking

Market Analysis: The global robotics market was valued at USD 27.73 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach USD 74.1 billion by 2026, registering a CAGR of 17.45 percent.

Nanotoxicology

Particle toxicology has a subspecialty named nanotoxicology. Nanomaterials appear to have toxicity effects that are unusual and not seen in larger particles, and these smaller particles may pose a significant threat to the human body due to their ability to move with a much larger degree of freedom, while the human body is designed to attack larger particles rather than nanoscale particles.

Nanoelectronics

Biodistribution

Nanometrology

Molecular nanotechnology

Routes of administration

Green nanotechnology

Mechanisms of toxicity

Market Analysis: The global in-vitro toxicology testing market was valued at USD 22.7 billion in 2020, and it is expected to increase at a CAGR of 10.7% from 2021 to 2028.

Nanotribology

Nanotribology is a branch of tribology that studies friction, wear, adhesion, and lubrication at the nanoscale, where atomic interactions and quantum effects are significant. Characterizing and modifying surfaces for scientific and technological purposes is the aim of this subject. Friction can be reduced or enhanced more strongly than macroscopic lubrication and adhesion by changing the topology of surfaces at the nanoscale; this is referred as superlubrication and superadhesion. Friction and wear problems in micro- and nanomechanical systems, which are crucial due to the extremely high surface volume ratio, can be solved by coating moving parts with super lubricant coatings. Nanotribological approaches, on the other hand, offer a way to solve adhesion issues.

Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)

 Atomic-Force Microscope (AFM)

 Surface Forces Apparatus, (SFA)

Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)

Market Analysis: The global high-performance tribology market is expected to reach an estimated $446.2 million by 2025 with a CAGR of 4.2% from 2019 to 2025.

Nano Products

Many of the benefits of nanotechnology are based on the ability to alter material structures at extremely small scales to achieve specific features, greatly expanding the materials science toolkit. Materials can be made stronger, lighter, more durable, more reactive, sieve-like, or better electrical conductors using nanotechnology, among other things.

Nanoelectronics

Nanocoatings

Nanoplasmonics

Nanosensors

Graphene Batteries

Food and Agriculture

Nanotechnology in Furniture

Nanotechnology in Space

Nanotechnology in Cosmetics

Detection of foodborne illnesses

Nanotechnology in the Automotive Industry

Nanotechnology in the Cement Industry

Nanotechnology in Displays

Nanotechnology in sports equipment: The game changer

Market Analysis: In 2021, the global Nano Products market is valued 18504.45 millions of dollars, and it is expected to increase at a CAGR of 2.22 percent from 2020 to 2027.

Commercialization of Nanotechnology

Nanotechnologies' emerging and potential commercial applications have the potential to significantly advance, if not completely revolutionise, several elements of medical practise and product creation. Drug delivery, diagnostic imaging, clinical diagnostics, nanomedicines, and the use of nanomaterials in medical devices are all fields where nanotechnology is already having an effect. Biomedical devices, home appliances, batteries, industrial lubricants, computers, cameras, food and beverage, clothing, cosmetics, fashion, and manufacturing just are a few of the industries that use nanotechnology.

Nanolayers

Fullerenes or Dendrimers

Metal Oxide Nanopowders, Compound Semiconductors and Alloys

Nanowires and Carbon Nanotubes (Nanorods)

Market Analysis: From 2021 to 2030, the global nanotechnology market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 36.4 percent, from $1.76 billion in 2020 to $33.63 billion in 2030.

 

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) relates to intelligence demonstrated by machines instead of natural intelligence displayed by animals such as humans. Since its beginnings as an academic study in 1956, artificial intelligence has gone through multiple phases of optimism, disappointment, and funding loss, followed by new approaches, success, and renewed funding. The many sub-fields of AI research are based on particular aims and the use of specific techniques. Reasoning, knowledge representation, planning, learning, natural language processing, sensing, and the ability to move and manipulate objects are all traditional AI research goals. Human intelligence "can be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it," according the field's creators. This generates philosophical discussions about the mind and the ethics of creating artificial intelligence that is human-like. Since antiquity, myth, fiction, and philosophy have all tried to address these issues. AI, with its enormous potential and power, has also been suggested as an existential threat to humanity in science fiction and futurology. 

Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) 

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) 

Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) 

Market Analysis: The global artificial intelligence market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.4 percent from $40.17 billion in 2020 to $51.56 billion in 2021.

Nanotechnology in Materials Science

The traditional use of nanotechnology in cancer therapeutics has been to improve chemotherapy pharmacokinetics and reduce cytotoxic effects by selectively targeting and delivering anticancer medicines to cancerous tissue. Cancer nanotechnology is a subclass of nanotechnology that focuses on the use of nanomaterials and nanotechnology methods to diagnose and cure cancer. Nanomedicine, in theory, allows higher therapeutic doses to be used by packaging pharmaceuticals and delivering them through the body directly to diseased cells to limit collateral damage. Nanomedicine holds great promise for treating cancer in children in a safe way.

Chemotherapy

Hormone Therapy

Radiation Therapy

Stem Cell Transplant

Targeted Therapy

Immunotherapy to Treat Cancer

Biomarker Testing for Cancer Treatment

Market Analysis:  The global cancer therapeutics market was worth $98,900 million in 2021, and it is expected to grow to $180,193 million by 2026, with a CAGR of 7.7% from 2019 to 2026.

 

Nano Chemistry

The combination of chemistry and nanoscience is known as nanochemistry. Nanochemistry is concerned with the production of building blocks that are influenced by size, surface, form, and defect characteristics. Nanochemistry has applications in chemical, materials, and physical sciences, as well as engineering, biology, and medicine. The core concepts of nanochemistry and other nanoscience topics are the same, but the applications of those concepts differ. In general, nanochemistry has nothing to do with a compound's atomic structure. Rather, it's about alternative approaches to transforming materials into problem-solving solutions.

Chemistry is concerned primarily with the degrees of freedom of atoms in the periodic table, but nanochemistry has introduced new degrees of freedom that influence material behaviour. Carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene, and fullerenes, which have received interest in recent years due to their extraordinary mechanical and electrical properties, can be made via nanochemical processes. The specific surface features that appear on the nanoscale are referred to as nanotopography. Nanotopography is commonly used in industry for electrics and artificially manufactured surface characteristics.

• Drug delivery
• Fluorescent
• Nanotopography
• Nanolithography
• Tissue engineering
• Nanowire compositions

Market Analysis: In 2021, the global Nano-chemicals market was worth 18504.45 million dollars, and it is expected to increase at a CAGR of 2.22 percent from 2020 to 2027.

Molecular Nanotechnology

Molecular nanotechnology (MNT) is a technology that uses mechanosynthesis to build structures to complex, atomic specifications. MNT would combine physical principles established by biophysics, chemistry, other nanotechnologies, and life's molecular machinery with systems engineering principles used in modern macroscale factories. In molecular nanotechnology, the goal is to balance molecular processes in positionally controlled locations and orientations to achieve desired chemical reactions, and then to build systems by assembling the reactions' products.

Medical nanorobotics or nanomedicine, a subject pioneered by Robert Freitas in numerous books and papers, would be one of the most important uses of MNT. At the very least, the ability to design, create, and deploy large numbers of medical nanorobots would allow for the quick elimination of disease and the safe and painless recovery from physical trauma. Medical nanorobots may also make it much easier to fix genetic defects and help people live longer lives. Medical nanorobots, on the other hand, could be used to augment natural human skills.

• Utility Fog
• Phased-Array Optics
• Medical Nanorobots
• Massive Parallelism
• Technical Issues and Criticism
• Technical Issues and Criticism
• Smart Materials and Nanosensors

Market Analysis: The global market for nanobiotechnology is expected to increase at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.2 percent from $38.5 billion in 2021 to $68.4 billion in 2026. This investigation includes all of the key viable nanobiotechnologies that are now being used in diverse industries.

Nanotechnology in Cancer Treatment

The uses of nanotechnology in cancer treatment offers creating number of exciting possibilities, including the possibility of destroying cancer tumors with minimal damage to healthy tissue and organs and also detects and eliminates of cancer cells before they form tumors.

•    Delivering Gene Therapy
•    Nano-enabled Immunotherapy
•    Delivering Chemotherapy
•    Delivering or Augmenting Radiotherapy
 

Advancing Cellulose-based Nanotechnology

The structure of the cellulose source and facilitate access to its microstructure, mechanical, chemical, or enzymatic process treatments are being used to produce cellulose nanoparticles. The extraction is usually more efficient when a mix of these processes is used. Nanotechnology has applications in almost every economic sector and enables for the development of new enabling science with significant commercial potential. Because they are abundant, renewable, have a nanofibrillar structure, can be made multifunctional, and self-assemble into well-defined structures, cellulose and lignocellulose have great potential as nanomaterials. To fully realize their full potential, R&D investments in science and engineering must be made to fully determine the properties and characteristics of cellulose and lignocellulose at the nanoscale, develop technologies to manipulate self-assembly and multifunctionality, and bring these new technologies to the point where industry can produce advanced and cost-competitive cellulose and lignocellulose.

Bacterial Nanocellulose

Cellulose Nano-Structures

Cellulose Nanowhiskers

Nanocellulose-Based Nanocomposites

Market Analysis:  In 2021, the worldwide cellulose acetate market will be worth $4.02 billion. The market is expected to grow gradually between 2021 and 2026.

 

Nano Mechanics

Nanomechanics is a subfield of nanoscience that investigates the fundamental mechanical aspects of physical systems at the nanoscale scale. Biophysics, classical mechanics, solid-state physics, statistical mechanics, materials science, and quantum chemistry all have interacted in nanomechanics. Nanomechanics is a branch of nanoscience that provides a scientific foundation for nanotechnology. Nanomachines, nanoparticles, nanopowders, nanowires, nanorods, nanoribbons, nanotubes, such as carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanotubes, nanoshells, nanomembranes, nanocoatings, nanocomposite/nanostructured materials, nanomotors etc

Energy and momentum conservation principles

Variational Hamilton's principle

Symmetry principles

Market Analysis: Over the next five years, the global market for Nanomechanical Testing System is predicted to increase at a CAGR of nearly 5%, reaching million USD in 2025, up from million USD in 2021.

 

Forensic Nanotechnology

Identification, evaluation, investigation of the crime, and finding connections between pieces of evidence and criminals are all part of forensic science. Nano-forensics is a cutting-edge field of forensic science that involves the development of nano-sensors for crime investigations and terrorist activity inspections by detecting explosive gases, biological substances, and residues. Nano-analysis is widely used in the identification of crimes using nanotechnology. Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering, and Raman Microscopy are some of the techniques used in these analyses.

These techniques help forensic scientists in two ways:

1) by allowing them to evaluate nano-scaled samples

2) by allowing them to use the unique properties of nanomaterial to detect and collect evidence that was previously impossible.

DNA extraction from palm prints, fingerprints, gun residues, explosives, and heavy metals are just a few of the trying to cut techniques that can help forensic scientists produce conclusive evidence.

Forensic Toxicological Analysis

 Forensic DNA Analysis

 Forensic DNA Typing

 Forensic Fingerprint Visualization

 Forensic Explosive Detection

 Post Blast Explosive Residues Analysis

 Gunshot Residue Analysis

Market Analysis: The global market for forensic technologies and services, which was estimated to be worth US$48.8 billion in 2020, is expected to expand to US$77.8 billion by 2027, with a CAGR of 6.9% over the analysed period.

 

Nanostructures and Nanofilms

When describing nanostructures, it's important to distinguish between the number of nanoscale dimensions in an object's volume. Nanofilms are very thin layers of material with thickness ranging from a fraction of a nanometer to several micrometres. They act as an atomic-thick barrier between the outside world and the vast majority of physicochemical processes. To make nanostructured films, magnetron sputtering from a suitable target material is commonly used. Films can be built up of simple materials, such as those produced by sputtering from a pure metal target like copper, or they can be made up of more complex elements.

Transmission Electron Microscopy

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Electron Backscatter Diffraction

Focused Ion Beam

Market Analysis: According to a recent analysis by Emergen Research, the global nanofilms market was valued at USD 2.06 billion in 2019 and is expected to approach USD 7.09 billion in revenue by 2027, with a CAGR of 16.6%.

Nano Medicine

Nanomedicine is the use of nanotechnology in medicine. Nanomedicine includes everything from medicinal nanomaterials and biological devices to nanoelectronic biosensors and even future molecular nanotechnology applications such as biological machines. Nanomedicine's current problems involve evaluating the toxicity and environmental impact of nanoscale materials. Nanomedicine aims to provide such a useful collection of research tools and clinically relevant gadgets in a not future. New commercial uses in the pharmaceutical industry, according to the National Nanotechnology Initiative, might include enhanced drug delivery systems, new therapeutics, and in vivo imaging. 

Implants

Drug Delivery

Antibacterial

Wearable Devices

Vaccine Development

Diagnosis and Imaging Tools

High-Throughput Screening Platforms

Market Analysis: Nanomedicine revenue reached $16 billion in 2015, with an average expenditure of $3.8 billion in nanotechnology research and development. In recent years, global spending for emerging nanotechnology has increased by 45 percent each year, with product sales exceeding $1 trillion in 2013.

Nanobots

Nanobots, also known as nanorobots or nanomachines, are microscopic robots that are designed to perform a variety of tasks at the nanoscale, which is about one billionth of a meter. They have potential applications in a wide range of fields, including medicine, manufacturing, and environmental cleanup.

In the field of medicine, nanobots may be employed to deliver medications to certain bodily regions or to target and eliminate cancer cells.

Nanobots could be employed in manufacturing to assemble things at the atomic or molecular level or to manufacture complicated structures.

Additionally, nanobots could be used to clean up hazardous materials or to perform other types of environmental remediation. 

Market Analysis: The global nanobots market size was valued at USD 5.3 billion in 2021 and is expected to hit around USD 21.45 billion by 2030, expected to register growth at a CAGR of 16.8% during the forecast period 2022 to 2030. 

Nanosensors

The need for nanosensors has increased during the last few decades on a global scale. 
The nanosensor is a sensing tool used in nanotechnology to measure, detect, or sense the chemical and physical characteristics of materials or nanoparticles at a nanoscale smaller than 100 nm.

There are 3 types of Nanosensors, 

Physical Nanosensors:
Measurement of changes in physical quantities, such as temperature, velocity, electric forces, etc. 

Chemical Nanosensors:
Chemical nanosensors are used to detect various substances or chemical properties like pH level, Nanosensors are helpful for examining environmental pollutants or performing pharmacological analysis.

Biological Nanosensors: 
Biosensors are able to precisely identify viruses, poisons, malignancies, and biomarkers in the fields of medicine and healthcare. They achieve this by translating chemical reactions into electrical or optical signals, and have the benefit of being able to measure only the exact things that are desired.

Market Analysis:  The market for nanosensors was worth USD 441.91 million in 2020, and it is anticipated to grow to USD 8426.45 million by 2026, at a CAGR of 63.45% between 2021 and 2026.

Nanodentistry

Nano dentistry is a cutting-edge new technique that has achieved significant advancements in the field of dentistry and is the application of nanotechnology in dentistry. This technology is used in a number of novel dental products, including implants and oral hygiene items.

Oral and dental problems can be identified, treated, and prevented using nanotechnology in dentistry. Additionally, it can be utilised to reduce discomfort and maintain or enhance tooth health.

For instance, diagnostics based on saliva exosomes have enabled surgeons to create biocompatible, antibacterial dental implants, a breakthrough in the industry. It makes logical to attack a disease at the molecular level because every sickness begins there.

Dental researchers are also investigating additional uses, including as:

•    Endodontic therapy
•    Preventing dental decay
•    Integration with dental implants
•    Treating periodontal disease
•    Screws for bone fixation
•    Direct pulp-capping procedures
•    Dentin regeneration
•    Enhanced bone regeneration
•    Producing artificial mucosa, etc.

Market Analysis: The size of the global nanodentistry market was estimated at USD 838.53 million in 2022, and it is anticipated to increase at a CAGR of 10.2% from 2023 to 2030.

Self-healing materials

Nanoscience and nanotechnology are moving towards new frontiers and the design and fabrication of self-healing materials is one of the future challenges.

Self-healing materials have great potential for advanced engineering systems, and these types of systems respond without external intervention to environmental stimuli in a nonlinear and productive fashion. Self-healing materials find applications in various fields such as biomedical, electronic, and coatings due to its exceptional properties.

Also, self-healing is helpful for extending the life of materials, but it is especially helpful in situations when human intervention is difficult, such as in space applications, or when there are difficult physical and chemical conditions present.

Over the last decade, self-healing technology and its science have been developed into:

•    New polymers
•    Polymer blends 
•    Polymer composites
•    Smart materials with self-healing capabilities.

Market Analysis: The global self-healing materials market size was valued at USD 1.28 billion in 2021 and is expected to expand at (CAGR) of 25.5% from 2022 to 2030.

Nanotechnology in Military Applications

As with most new technologies, however, military applications of nanotechnology are likely to be the first to be realized. The main aims of military research into nanotechnology are to improve medical and casualty care for soldiers, and to produce lightweight, strong and multi-functional materials for use in clothing, both for protection and to provide enhanced connectivity. 

Potential Military Applications:

•    Improving army medical and casualty care. For instance, certain nanoparticles coated on wound dressings enable controlled release of medications and proteins for a predetermined amount of time, which eventually speeds up the healing process.

•    The creation of materials that is robust, lightweight, and multipurpose for use in military apparel that improves connectivity while also providing improved protection. 

•    Improvement of military intelligence through the use of smart sensor technologies that incorporate neural networks and nanosensors. 

•    The nature and scope of the possible risk when explosives are detected, damage to military equipment, toxic chemicals and biological weapons, and more can all be detected using nano-sensors.

Market Analysis: The global military wearables market is projected to grow from USD 3.1 billion in 2022 to USD 3.4 billion by 2027, at a CAGR of 1.8% from 2022 to 2027.

Fight against climate change

Global warming and the maintenance of climatic changes are two major uses of nanotechnology. It has proven to be a powerful and useful tool for preserving the environment, protecting it from harm, and achieving the goal of maintaining the environment pollutant-free. It is in fact proven to be a beneficial weapon for the entire human race.

The effectiveness of current technologies is being significantly improved through nanotechnology. By developing new clean technologies with the use of nanoproducts and nanomanufacturing, the most recent concept in green nanotechnology aims to eliminate potential threats to human health and the environment.

Additionally, it's important to design and create new, environmentally and human-friendly nanoproducts to replace the outdated ones.

Market Analysis: The global climate tech market size totaled ~US$ 13.8 Billion in 2021. The market is expected to reach ~US$ 147.5 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 24.2% from 2022 – 2032.

Nano and Big Data

In the current-generation wireless systems, there is a huge requirement on integrating big data which can able to predict the market trends of all application systems. Therefore, the proposed method emphasizes on the integration of nanosensors with big data analysis which will be used in healthcare applications. 

When compared to conventional networks, nanoparticles have the ability to store enormous amounts of data, which is one of their key characteristics. Additionally, while nanotechnology has a large surface area for interacting with various materials, if there is a blockage, materials cannot interact with their surroundings.

However, only the surface of a material can interact with other materials, opening up new prospects in the medical area for system on chip-enabled technologies that can reduce damage to bodily tissues. These nanosensors also have the wonderful advantage of being stretchable, bendable, and flexible, making it simple to integrate them into Internet of Things applications.

Market Analysis: The global big data technology market size was $41.33 billion in 2019 & is projected to reach $116.07 billion by 2027, at a CAGR of 14.0% in forecast period.

Nanographene

With recent advances in nanotechnology, graphene nanomaterials are being translated to applications in the fields of bio sensing, medicine, and diagnostics, with unprecedented power.Since graphene is just a single layer of carbon atoms connected in a hexagonal pattern, it is also extremely thin and lightweight and an attractive material for nanotechnology applications.

The properties of graphene are very unusual which makes it a more exciting material in the field of material science: 

•    Chemically inert.
•    It is a superconductor of electricity.
•    Up to 20% of its length can be stretched.
•    It can endlessly bend without breaking.
•    Nontoxic.
•    Compared to steel, it is 200 times stronger and 6 times lighter.

So, Future graphene-based technologies have a tonne of potential, including flexible solar cells for energy production and flexible screens for smartphones. Due to its exceptional aqueous process ability and other useful surface properties.

Market Analysis: The global graphene market is projected to grow from $337.0 million in 2022 to $2,172.2 million by 2029, at a CAGR of 30.5% in the forecast period, 2022-2029.

Nano-systems

The potential that nanoscience provides for the future is arguably what makes it so intriguing. The next step in realising this science fiction world that we have all imagined is nano-systems. In essence, nano-systems entail the self-assembly of nano-factories or machines that can produce goods at the atomic scale and can collaborate with other nanoparticles and machines to form complex molecular structures for a variety of uses.

For example, we could create nano-systems that could make synthetic materials on their own. This procedure offers clear advantages for the ecology and climate because it utilises carbon dioxide from the air in addition to using fewer fossil fuels. Self-healing buildings, disaster-proof constructions, safety gear, etc. are additional potential applications.

Market Anylasis: Nano-Systems Market was valued at USD 83.95 Billion in 2021, and it is expected to reach USD 672.27 Billion by 2029, exhibiting a CAGR of 29.7 % during the forecast period (2022-2029)